Deflecting securement anchor for electrical fixtures

ABSTRACT

An anchoring assembly for securing an electrical fixture to a connection box. The assembly may include a receiver having a first engagement mechanism. The receiver may be formed to receive an anchor exclusively by translation in the longitudinal direction. The anchor may have a second engagement mechanism formed as a cantilever extending in substantially the longitudinal direction. The second engagement mechanism may support at least one engagement location. Additionally, the second engagement mechanism may be arranged to deflect when, upon insertion, an engagement location of the at least one engagement position passes the first engagement mechanism.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 09/974,306 filed Oct. 10, 2001, and entitled QUICKASSEMBLING ELECTRICAL CONNECTION BOX APPARATUS AND METHOD. Thisapplication is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 10/317,612 filed Dec. 12, 2002, entitled CLIP-ON COVER PLATEFOR ELECTRICAL FIXTURES.

BACKGROUND

[0002] 1. The Field of the Invention

[0003] This invention relates to fixture anchoring and, moreparticularly, to novel systems and methods for facilitating connectionbox assembly.

[0004] 2. The Background Art

[0005] Manually installing screws or other fasteners is often timeconsuming. Additionally, in certain installations, the installer mustemploy his or her hands to hold several components as well as rotate atool transferring rotation to a screw or other type of fastener.Maintaining all of the components in proper alignment is often difficultand requires skill. In any case, the complexity slows the installationprocess.

[0006] Power tools may simplify the installation process by providingthe motion (e.g. rotation) necessary to advance or install a fastener.The power tool must, however, be held and positioned in a manner similarto a manual tool. Thus, the use of power tools may not significantlylessen the demands on the installer.

[0007] An electrical connection box assembly is one example of a timeconsuming fastener installation. Once an electrical fixture has beenwired, the fixture is typically secured inside a connection box.Securement of the electrical fixture to the connection box ofteninvolves the installation of multiple screws. These screws are generallyover an inch long and are relatively finely threaded. The length of thescrews may be selected to accommodate various connection box placementsand wall paneling thicknesses. To complete a conventional electricalconnection box assembly, a face plate is secured to the fixture byanother screw. Similar problems may be encountered in the installationof connections boxes used for a wide variety of devices and systems,including without limitation telephone, stereo, computer network,information systems, cable television system, and security systemsfixtures.

[0008] The installation of the connection box screws requires aninstaller concurrently to hold a fixture, maintain screw alignment, andprovide rotation to the screw. Often it is difficult to initiateengagement between the screw and the receiving hole. Such difficultytypically arises because the receiving hole may be obscured by the wallpaneling or recessed into the wall. Once the screw is in engagement withthe receiving hole, the time consuming and often laborious task ofadvancing the finely threaded screw remains.

[0009] Face plate screws and other securement devices may be unsightlyas well as time consuming and laborious to install. Screws used tosecure face plates to connection boxes and fixtures are typicallypainted and are, therefore, exposed to chipping, tarnishing, wear, andoxidation. In certain applications, it may be desirable to use a snap-onface plate to provide fast securement without the use of screws toprovide securement.

[0010] Fixture installation may consume a large portion of anelectrician's time budget for any given project. If the amount of timeneeded to install electrical fixtures were reduced, both the installerand the financier (e.g. home owner, developer, or the like) may realizelarge economic rewards.

[0011] Attempts have been made to provide quick assembling connectionboxes and fixture assemblies. Quick assembling devices typically involveat least some rotation of the fixture screws and, therefore, require theuse of tools for installation. Often these devices are limited in howwell they are able to engage the threads of the fixture screws. Thus,such devices may not provide a reliable and solid securement between thefixture and connection box.

[0012] Typical screwless face plates require additional components toenable securement to the electrical fixture. These additional componentsincrease manufacturing cost as well as installation time.

[0013] What is needed is an anchor that provides a strong and reliablesecurement between a fixture and associated connection box. Such ananchor would also provide for quick and simple installation thereof.Additionally, a screwless face plate that requires no additionalcomponents to accomplish a reliable securement would be an advancementin the art. Such a connection box assembly would greatly reduce thetime, skill level, and effort required to assemble and completeconnection box installation (e.g. electrical fixture installation or thelike).

BRIEF SUMMARY AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

[0014] In view of the foregoing, it is a primary object of the presentinvention to provide an apparatus and method requiring minimal time,effort, and skill to install.

[0015] It is a further object of the invention to provide a connectionbox apparatus and method that may be installed without screw rotation.

[0016] Consistent with the foregoing objects, and in accordance with theinvention as embodied and broadly described herein, a method andapparatus are disclosed. An embodiment in accordance with the presentinvention may provide an apparatus for securing a fixture to aconnection box. In a factory manufacturing process an anchor may besecured to a fixture. In one embodiment, the anchor is secured to thefixture by a releasable fastener. The anchor may have an engagementmechanism formed therewith.

[0017] A connection box may be provided to house lines or wiresoriginiating from a signal source to terminate therein. The lines mayprovide a connection for the fixture. A receiver may be associated withthe connection box. The receiver may have an engagement mechanism formedto receive and retain the engagement mechanism of the anchor. Thus, theanchor and receiver may be intermediaries in the securement of thefixture to the connection box.

[0018] In certain applications, screws and other securement devices maybe unsightly. In these applications it may be desirable to provide asnap-on face plate to provide fast securement without the use of screws.Face plates are often secured to fixtures to cover and hide the wiringand access holes therebehind. Face plates in accordance with the presentinvention may have engagement prongs. These prongs may be insertedthrough apertures in a corresponding fixture to maintain the face platealigned securely thereagainst.

[0019] In selected embodiments in accordance with the present invention,an installer may first connect a fixture to the lines or wires housed ina connection box. A face plate may be installed by simply pressing theengagement prongs through the appropriate apertures in the fixture. Oncea fixture has been connected to the lines and a face plate applied, thefixture may be secured to the connection box by inserting one or more ofthe attached anchors into corresponding receivers associated with theconnection box. The anchors may be inserted a selected distance into thereceivers until the face plate is properly positioned. Insertion of ananchor into a receiver may be accomplished without the aid of tools.

[0020] The method of engagement between the engagement mechanism of thereceiver and that of the anchor may be selected to provide a fast, cleansecurement. In selected embodiments, the engagement mechanism of thereceiver may be a barb configured to engage a series of teeth providedas part of the engagement mechanism of the anchor. In other embodiments,the engagement mechanism of the anchor may be a barb configured toengage a series of teeth provided as part of the engagement mechanism ofthe receiver. The engagement between the anchor and receiver may providea single or multiple locking positions and may have single or multipleteeth engaging single or multiple teeth.

[0021] By applying embodiments in accordance with the present invention,a fixture may be secured to a connection box in a comparatively shortamount of time. Embodiments in accordance with the present invention maybe particularly advantageous when it is desirable to preserve theability to remove the fixture from the connection box. For example, anelectrician or computer network technician may need to remove a fixtureto gain access to the lines or wiring tucked therebehind. In such asituation, the face plate may be “popped” off and the fasteners holdingthe fixture to the anchors may be released, thus freeing the fixture.Each anchor may maintain engagement with its corresponding receiver.After the revisions are complete, the fixture may once again be securedto the anchors by the installation of the fastener previously released.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The foregoing and other objects and features of the presentinvention will become more fully apparent from the followingdescription, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of theinvention and are, therefore, not to be considered limiting of itsscope, the invention will be described with additional specificity anddetail through use of the accompanying drawings in which:

[0023]FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a connection boxassembly in accordance with the present invention;

[0024]FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one embodiment of an anchor inaccordance with the present invention;

[0025]FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of ananchor in accordance with the present invention;

[0026]FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another alternative embodiment ofan anchor in accordance with the present invention;

[0027]FIG. 5 is a top cross-sectional view of an engagement between ananchor and receiver in accordance with the present invention;

[0028]FIG. 6 is a front cross-sectional view of the engagement of FIG.5;

[0029]FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of an alternative embodimentof an anchor in accordance with the present invention;

[0030]FIG. 8 is a top cross-sectional view of an alternative engagementbetween an anchor and receiver in accordance with the present invention;

[0031]FIG. 9 is a top cross-sectional view of another alternativeengagement between an anchor and receiver in accordance with the presentinvention;

[0032]FIG. 10 is a partial cutaway, perspective view of an applicationof a quick assembling connection box in accordance with the presentinvention;

[0033]FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a receiver in accordance with thepresent invention formed as part of a metal connection box;

[0034]FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of an alternativeembodiment of a face plate and fixture assembly in accordance with thepresent invention;

[0035]FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a complete assembly prepared forinstallation in accordance with the present invention;

[0036]FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view of a face plate and fixtureassembly in accordance with the present invention;

[0037]FIG. 15 is a side cross-sectional view of a screwless face plateassembly in accordance with the present invention;

[0038]FIG. 16 is a side cross-sectional view of an engagement prong inaccordance with the present invention;

[0039]FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an engagement prong in accordancewith the present invention;

[0040]FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a fixture with a flange modifiedin accordance with the present invention to engage the screwless faceplate;

[0041]FIG. 19 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a screwless faceplate in accordance with the present invention for securement to thefixture of FIG. 18;

[0042]FIG. 20 is a side cross-sectional view of an engagement betweenthe fixture of FIG. 18 and the screwless face plate of FIG. 19;

[0043]FIG. 21 is a partial perspective view of alternative engagementbetween a screwless face plate and an fixture in accordance with thepresent invention;

[0044]FIG. 22 is a cutaway, partial perspective view of alternativeengagement between a screwless face plate and a fixture in accordancewith the present invention;

[0045]FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a fixture with an adapter inaccordance with the present invention;

[0046]FIG. 24 is a side cross-sectional view of a fixture with anadapter in accordance with the present invention;

[0047]FIG. 25 is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of aconnection box assembly having clips enabling the attachment of ascrewless face plate in accordance with the present invention;

[0048]FIG. 26 is a perspective view an embodiment of a clip thatattaches to an electrical fixture in accordance with the presentinvention;

[0049]FIG. 27 is a perspective view an alternative embodiment of a clipthat attaches to an electrical fixture in accordance with the presentinvention;

[0050]FIG. 28 is a side cross-sectional view of the clip embodiment ofFIG. 27 applied to an electrical fixture and a face plate;

[0051]FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a retainer integrally formed aspart of the flange of a electrical fixture for attaching a screwlessface plate in accordance With the present invention;

[0052]FIG. 30 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an adapter thatmay be used to attach a screwless face plate to an electrical fixture inaccordance with the present invention;

[0053]FIG. 31 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of anadapter that may be attached to an electrical fixture without the use oftools in accordance with the present invention;

[0054]FIG. 32 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an anchor havingcantilevered engagement mechanisms in accordance with the presentinvention;

[0055]FIG. 33 is an end elevation view of the anchor in FIG. 32;

[0056]FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor in FIG. 32;

[0057]FIG. 35 is a side elevation view of the anchor in FIG. 32;

[0058]FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor of FIG. 32, withthe cantilevers in the neutral position, being inserted into a receiverin accordance with the present invention;

[0059]FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor of FIG. 32, withthe cantilevers in a medium deflection position, being inserted into areceiver in accordance with the present invention;

[0060]FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor of FIG. 32, withthe cantilevers deflected to contact the deflection stops, beinginserted into a receiver and illustrating various engagementconfigurations in accordance with the present invention;

[0061]FIG. 39 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of ananchor having a cantilevered engagement mechanism in accordance with thepresent invention;

[0062]FIG. 40 is an end elevation view of the anchor in FIG. 39;

[0063]FIG. 41 is a side elevation view of the anchor in FIG. 39;

[0064]FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor in FIG. 39;

[0065]FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment ofan anchor having cantilevered engagement mechanisms and biasing membersin accordance with the present invention;

[0066]FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view of an another alternativeembodiment of an anchor having cantilevered engagement mechanisms andbiasing members in accordance with the present invention;

[0067]FIG. 45 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an anchor havingcantilevered engagement mechanisms with the teeth posited at an angle inaccordance with the present invention;

[0068]FIG. 46 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an anchor havingan alternative embodiment of a cantilevered engagement mechanism inaccordance with the present invention;

[0069]FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view of an anchor inserted into anembodiment of a receiver having a cantilevered engagement mechanism inaccordance with the present invention;

[0070]FIG. 48 is a partial cross-sectional view of an alternativeembodiment of a receiver having cantilevered engagement mechanisms inthe neutral position in accordance with the present invention;

[0071]FIG. 49 is a partial cross-sectional view of an anchor insertedinto the receiver of FIG. 48 with the cantilevered engagement mechanismsnear the maximum deflection position in accordance with the presentinvention;

[0072]FIG. 50 is a partial cross-sectional view of an anchor insertedinto the receiver of FIG. 48 with the cantilevered engagement mechanismsnear the engagement position in accordance with the present invention;

[0073]FIG. 51 is a perspective view of a connection box having receiverswith the cantilevered engagement mechanisms of FIG. 47;

[0074]FIG. 52 is a perspective view of a multi-gang connection boxhaving a slide in accordance with the present invention;

[0075]FIG. 53 is a partial perspective view of the connection box ofFIG. 50 secured to a structural member located between front and backpanels and supporting a spacer in accordance with the present invention;and

[0076]FIG. 54 is a perspective view of a spacer having a scored orweakened line and foot in accordance with the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0077] It will be readily understood that the connection box assembliesof the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in theFigures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety ofdifferent configurations. Thus, the description herein is not intendedto limit the scope of the invention, but is merely representative ofcertain presently preferred embodiments of devices and systems inaccordance with the invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will,of course, appreciate that various modifications to the details hereinmay easily be made without departing from the essential characteristicsof the invention, as described. Thus, the following information isintended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certainpresently preferred embodiments consistent with the invention.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 1, in discussing the Figures, it may beadvantageous to establish a reliable coordinate system to aid in thedescription of several of the embodiments in accordance with the presentinvention. Coordinate axes 11 may be defined by longitudinal 11 a,lateral 11 b, and transverse directions 11 c substantially orthogonal toone another.

[0079] A connection box assembly 10 in accordance with the presentinvention may provide an apparatus for securing a fixture 12 to aconnection box 14. In a factory manufacturing process, an anchor 16 maybe secured to the fixture 12. The connection box 14 to which the fixture12 is to be secured may have a receiver 18 associated therewith foradmitting and retaining the anchor 16. Thus, the anchor 16 and receiver18 may be intermediaries in the securement of the fixture 12 to theconnection box 14. A face plate 20 may be provided to cover and hide thewiring and access holes therebehind.

[0080] A fixture 12 may be any suitable piece for which securement isdesired. For example, a fixture 12 may be a power receptacle, powerswitch, light fixture, telephone jack, network jack, cable connector,stereo system connector, information system connector, or any other unit12 for which permanent or removable securement to a connection box 14may be desired. In a similar manner, the connection box 14 may be anybox to which a fixture 12 may be secured. A connection box 14 may beconstructed of any suitable material. Suitable materials may includewithout limitation metals, polymers, composites, and the like.Additionally, a connection box 14, in accordance with the presentinvention, may be of any suitable size. For example, a connection box 14may be a single gang, double gang, triple gang, quadruple gang,quintuple gang, or the like. The concepts presented herein areillustrated as a single gang box, however, the principles and conceptsmay easily be expanded to multiple-gang connection boxes.

[0081] Embodiments in accordance with the present invention may beparticularly well suited to assemblies that may be assembled in thefield (i.e. not in a factory). Such field assemblies need not be limitedto connection box assemblies 10. Embodiments in accordance with thepresent invention may provide convenience and ease of assembly in thefield where less than perfect conditions are often encountered.

[0082] An anchor 16 in accordance with the present invention may beconstructed, formed, machined, extruded, molded, cast, or otherwise madefrom any suitable material. Suitable materials may include withoutlimitation metals, polymers, composites, or the like. For example, incertain embodiments, an anchor 16 may be formed of a polymer in amolding process.

[0083] An anchor 16 may be secured to a fixture 12 in any suitablemanner. In certain embodiments, an anchor 16 may be secured to a fixture12 by a fastener 22 such as a bolt, rivet, screw, engagement prong,engagement hook, or the like. In other embodiments, an anchor 16 may beglued or otherwise bonded to a fixture 12. Additionally, an anchor 16may be formed as an integral part of the fixture 12.

[0084] Each form of attachment between the anchor 16 and the fixture 12may have particular advantages. In certain applications, such as theinstallation of power receptacles 12, switches 12, computer networkoutlets 12, cable television outlets 12, and the like an installer mayneed to remove a fixture 12 to gain access to something (e.g. wiring)tucked therebehind. In such a situation, screws 22 may provide an idealattachment between the anchor 16 and the fixture 12. The screws 22 maybe removed, thus freeing the fixture 12. The anchors 16 may maintainengagement with the connection box 14. After the revisions are completethe fixture 12 may once again be secured to the anchors 16 by theinsertion of the screws 22 previously removed.

[0085] In selected applications, multiple points of securement between afixture 12 and a connection box 14 may exist. In such situations, ananchor 16 in accordance with the present invention may be applied to allor a subset of the securement locations. For example, power receptacles12 and switches 12 are typically secured to connection boxes 14 by twoscrews spaced from each other in a longitudinal direction 11 a. Ananchor 16 a, 16 b may be applied to fasteners 22 a, 22 b respectively.Similarly, a connection box 14 may have multiple receivers 18 a, 18 b toengage both anchors 16 a, 16 b, respectively.

[0086] The method of engagement between a receiver 18 and an anchor 14may be selected to provide a fast, clean securement. By so doing, thefixture 12 may be secured to the connection box 14 in a minimum amountof time. For example, installers (e.g. electricians, networktechnicians, cable television installers, and the like) spend a largeportion of their installation time screwing fixtures 12 to connectionboxes 14. In certain embodiments in accordance with the presentinvention, a fastener 22 (e.g. screw 22) may be introduced to secure ananchor 16 to the appropriate locations on a fixture 12 by amanufacturing machine. Thus, the installation of the fastener 22 may beperformed in ideal conditions with proper alignment and fast toolspeeds. In the field, when an installer installs the fixture 12, thetime consuming screw installation no longer needs to be performed. Ananchor 16 may simply be inserted into a receiver 18.

[0087] The embodiments of the fixture 12, connection box 14, anchors 16a, 16 b, receivers 18 a, 18 b, and face plate 20, as illustrated in FIG.1 may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of differentconfigurations that fall within the scope of the present invention.Thus, the description hereinabove is not intended to limit the scope ofthe possible embodiments, but is merely representative of certainpresently preferred embodiments of devices and systems in accordancewith the invention. The information is intended only by way of example.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 2, an anchor 16 in accordance with the presentinvention may have an engagement mechanism 24 configured to provide amechanical grip with a receiver 18. If an anchor 16 is to be secured toa fixture 12 by a bolt 22 or screw 22, an aperture 26 may be formedtherein. The aperture 26 may extend completely or only partially throughthe anchor 16 in a transverse direction 11 c.

[0089] A length 28 of the engagement mechanism 24 may be selected toprovide a desired number of engagement locations 30. In selectedembodiments, each engagement location 30 is a tooth 30. Additionally,the engagement length 28 and the number of engagement locations 30 maybe selected to permit insertion of the anchor 16 a desired distance intothe receiver 18. Thus, providing a desired alignment of the fixture 12with respect to the connection box 14.

[0090] In selected embodiments, an anchor 14 in accordance with thepresent invention may include a spacer 32. The length 34 of the spacer32 may be selected to provide additional control over the spacing of thefixture 12 in relation to the connection box 14.

[0091] In certain embodiments, one end 36 of the anchor 16 may be formedto promote easy insertion into the receiver 18. For example, an end 36may be pointed, rounded, tapered, or otherwise formed.

[0092] An anchor 16 in accordance with the present invention may haveany suitable cross-section. For example, the cross-section may berectangular, circular, triangular, oval, an unconventional shape, or thelike. The cross-sectional shape of an anchor 16 maybe selected to resistrotation about a transverse axis 11 c once installed inside a receiver18. For example, an anchor 16 having a generally circular cross-sectionmay have a key-way formed therein to correspond to a key formed orlocated in the receiver 18.

[0093] The shape and configuration of a receiver 18 may be selected tomatch and complement the particular shape of a selected anchor 16. Forexample, if an anchor 16 having a rectangular cross section is desired,the receiver 18 may be formed to have a generally rectangular shape.Thus, the receiver 18 may admit the anchor 16 and hold the anchor 16securely without motion (e.g rotation about a transverse axis 11 c)therebetween.

[0094] Referring to FIG. 3, in certain embodiments, an anchor 16 mayhave multiple sliding surfaces 38 to promote ease of insertion andproper alignment. A recessed groove 40 may be formed in one or moresurfaces 38 of the anchor 16 to provide a location for disposition of anengagement mechanism 24. Such an engagement mechanism 24 may be recessedto reduce the risk of interfering with proper insertion of the anchor 16into the receiver 18.

[0095] Referring to FIG. 4, an anchor 16 may have a generally circularcross-section. In such an embodiment, the anchor may include a singleflat 42 or may include a plurality of flats 42 that provide a locationfor disposition of an engagement mechanism 24. The flats 42 may alsoprovide a location for a corresponding receiver 18 to engage the anchor16 to resist rotation about a transverse axis 11 c.

[0096]FIG. 4 also illustrates an alternative embodiment of a fastener 22in accordance with the present invention. Opposing engagement hooks 22may be shaped to promote insertion into a corresponding aperture in afixture 12. The engagement hooks 22 may be formed to engage an apertureof any suitable shape (e.g. circular, oval, triangular, or the like).The illustrated engagement hooks 22 have been formed in a shape to fit asquare aperture. A square aperture may provide a mechanism to resistrotation of the anchor 16 about a transverse axis 11 c with respect to acorresponding fixture 12. Engagement hooks 22 in accordance with thepresent invention may flex to allow an anchor 16 to be separated fromthe fixture 12 to which the anchor 16 is attached. Once separated, theanchor 16 and fixture 12 may be reattached by reinserting the engagementhooks 22 of the anchor 16 through the corresponding aperture in thefixture 12.

[0097] The embodiments of anchors 16, as illustrated in FIGS. 2-4 couldbe arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurationsthat fall within the scope of the present invention. Thus, thedescription hereinabove is not intended to limit the scope of thepossible embodiments, but is merely representative of certain presentlypreferred embodiments of devices and systems in accordance with theinvention. The information is intended only by way of example and not byway of limitation.

[0098] Referring to FIGS. 5-6 while continuing to refer generally toFIGS. 1-4, as discussed hereinabove, an anchor 16 in accordance with thepresent invention may have multiple sliding surfaces 38. The slidingsurfaces 38 may maintain proper alignment of the anchor 16 with respectto the receiver 18.

[0099] In selected embodiments, a receiver 18 in accordance with thepresent invention may include an engagement mechanism 39. Thisengagement mechanism 39 may be configured to engage the engagementmechanism 24 of an anchor 16. In selected embodiments, an engagementmechanism 39 may comprise hooks 44 or barbs 44. These barbs 44 mayextend from the receiver 18 with a shape selected to engage the teeth 30of the anchor 16. The engagement of the hooks 44 and teeth 30 may beselected to provide unidirectional motion so that an anchor 16 may beeasily inserted yet resist removal in a transverse direction 11 c. Thenumber of teeth 30 and the incremental distance 46 therebetween may beselected to provide a continuum of possible locking positions betweenthe anchor 16 and the receiver 18.

[0100] Referring to FIGS. 7-8 while continuing to refer generally toFIGS. 1-6, in an alternative embodiment, an anchor 16 may include asingle hook 44. In selected embodiments, an anchor 16 may includemultiple hooks 44. A flexible region 48 may permit a hook 44 to flex asit “clicks” or passes over the teeth 30 of a receiver 18. As discussedhereinabove and as best shown in FIG. 8, the number of teeth 30 and theincremental distance 46 therebetween may be selected to provide acontinuum of possible locking positions between the anchor 16 and thereceiver 18.

[0101] Referring to FIG. 9, in selected embodiments, the engagementbetween an anchor 16 and a receiver 18 may not be incremental, rather asingle locking position may be defined. In such an embodiment, theanchor 16 may be inserted into the receiver 18 until a lock 50 isactivated. In selected embodiments, a lock 50 may consist of a hook 44secured on the distal end of a flexible region 48. A stop 52 may providea register to correctly position the anchor 16 with respect to thereceiver 18. When the anchor 16 is inserted to the stop 52, a hook 44may engage an engagement location 30 of the receiver 18.

[0102] Referring to FIG. 10, the length 28 (see FIG. 2) of theengagement mechanism 24 may be selected to best match the particularapplication to which the engagement mechanism 24 may be applied. Forexample, the installation of a light fixture 12 may be simplified byemploying a comparatively long anchor 16 having a similarly longengagement mechanism 24. In such an application, two long anchors 16 maybe secured to the fixture 12. The anchors 16 may be introduced into thecorresponding receivers 18 a distance sufficient to engage theengagement mechanisms 39 thereof. The anchors 16 may then hold thefixture 12 in place while the installer proceeds to connect thenecessary wires 54. Upon completion of the connecting of the wires 54,the fixture 12 may be pushed in a transverse direction 11 c until aproper position is achieved. Thus, the installer need not hold thefixture 12 while connecting wires 54 and tightening terminal screws 56.

[0103] Referring to FIG. 11, a receiver 18 may be associated with aconnection box 14 in any suitable manner. In selected embodiments, thereceiver 18 may be formed as an integral part of the connection box 14.This forming may be part of a molding process. That is, the receiver 18may be molded as part of the connection box 14 in its original formingprocess. FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment in which the receiver 18 isformed by stamping selected shapes from a metal connection box 14 andthen bending the cut portions in a selected direction to form a guide 57and an engagement mechanism 39. In an alternative embodiment, a receiver18 may be formed (e.g. molded, extruded, cast, machined, stamped, or thelike) and then joined to the connection box 14. Such a joining may beaccomplished by bolting, screwing, welding, gluing, bonding, or thelike.

[0104] Referring to FIG. 12, connection boxes 14 are typically installedand wired before the installation of the wall paneling (e.g., ceilingpaneling and the like). Fixtures 12 and face plates 20 are typicallyinstalled after the installation of the wall paneling. The installationof wall paneling often involves the application of dry wall compound. Itis very common for clumps of dry wall compound to be inadvertentlyintroduced inside a previously installed connection box 14. Receivers 18in accordance with the present invention may be formed in a manner togreatly limit the adverse effects of misplaced dry wall compound.

[0105] For example, if dry wall compound were placed in the receiverentrance 58, the receiver may be formed to have an open back exit 59.Thus, anchor 16 may be inserted into the receiver 18 and any clump ofdry wall compound may simply be pushed out the back 59 of the receiver18. The back 59 may be open to the exterior of the connection box 14.The back 59 may also be configured to open to the interior of theconnection box 14. In such a configuration, a dry wall compound clumpwill be pushed to the interior of the connection box 14 where it can dono harm.

[0106] Embodiments in accordance with the present invention may beapplied to any unit 12 for which permanent or removable securement to aconnection box 14 is desired. Data terminals such as phone jacks,network jacks, cable connections, and the like may not have a fixture 12associated therewith. These applications may deliver a transmission lineto a jack 60 or connector 60 mounted directly in a face plate 20. Theface plate 20 provides the structure and support for the jack 60, andindeed may provide many of the same functions as a fixture 12. Typicallythese face plates have been secured directly to a correspondingconnection box by multiple screws. Installation of the such screwspresents difficulties similar to those encountered in the installationof fixtures 12.

[0107]FIG. 12 illustrates one embodiment of a jack connection boxassembly 10 in accordance with the present invention. Interface members62 a, 62 b may provide an interface between a face plate 20 and anchors16 a, 16 b. In selected embodiments, the interface members 62 mayinclude an aperture 64 to accommodate securement of an anchor 16.Additional apertures 66 may provide locations for the face plate 20 toengage the interface members 62. In certain embodiments, extensions 68or “dog ears” 68 may be incorporated to hold each interface member 62flush with the wall paneling.

[0108] The interface members 62 may be formed in any suitable shape forproviding adequate engagement between an anchor 16 and a face plate 20.In one embodiment, the interface members 62 are generally flat pieceshaving multiple apertures 64, 66 and extensions 68. The interfacemembers 62 may be constructed of any suitable material. In selectedembodiments, interface members 62 may be formed by stamping sheet metal.In alternative embodiments, interface members 62 may be molded from apolymer, a composite, or the like.

[0109] Referring to FIGS. 13-15, as discussed hereinabove, after theinstallation of a fixture 12, a face plate 20 is typically securedthereto to hide the under workings from view. Conventional face plates20 are often secured by at least one screw. Screws and other securementdevices may be unsightly. Screws used to secure face plates 20 toreceptacles and switches are typically painted and are, therefore,exposed to chipping, tarnishing, wear, oxidation, and the like. In suchapplications, it may be desirable to provide a snap-on assembly toprovide fast securement of a face plate 20 without the use of screws.

[0110] FIGS. 13-15 illustrate one embodiment of a screwless face plate20 in accordance with the present invention. In selected embodiments, aface plate 20 may include engagement prongs 70. The engagement prongs 70may engage a fixture 12 and maintain the face plate 20 aligned andsecured thereto. Thus, once a face plate 20 has been attached, acomplete fixture 12 assembly may be quickly and easily wired and thensecured to a corresponding connection box 14.

[0111] Selected fixtures 12 in accordance with the present invention mayinclude flanges 72. Flanges 72 a, 72 b may extend away from a main body74 of a fixture 12 in a longitudinal direction 11 a. In selectedembodiments, the flanges 72 may include an aperture 64 to accommodatethe securement of an anchor 16. Additional apertures 66 may providelocations for the engagement prongs 70 of the face plate 20 to engagethe flanges 72. In certain embodiments, extensions 68 or “dog ears” 68may be selected to hold the fixture 12 flush with the wall paneling.

[0112] Engagement prongs 70 in accordance with the present invention maybe formed to have multiple hooks 76 a, 76 b, 76 c, 76 d. The hooks 76may be secured to the face plate 20 by flexible necks 78 a, 78 b, 78 c,78 d, respectively. A flex clearance 80 may be provided between thehooks 76 so that as the prong 70 is inserted through an aperture 66, thehooks 76 may deflect toward each other, thus, effectively reducing thediameter of the prong 70. Once the prong 70 has passed through theaperture 66, the hooks 76 may return to their neutral position andengage the edges of the aperture 66.

[0113] Referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, in selected embodiments, the hooks76 may be shaped to release at a desired removal loading, thus, once theface plate 20 is removed, the face plate 20 may be used again. Forexample, the hooks 76 may be provided with an inside taper 82. Theinside taper 82 may allow each hook 76 to gradually flex and bendtowards the flex clearance 80 as the face plate 20 is pulled away fromthe fixture 12 so that the effective diameter of the engagement prong 70may be reduced and the prong 70 may be removed from the aperture 66. Inan alternative embodiment, a face plate 20 in accordance with thepresent invention may be removed by applying sufficient force to failthe hooks 66.

[0114] A screwless face plate 20 in accordance with the presentinvention may be formed of any suitable material. This material may beselected based on several characteristics including cost, aesthetics,dielectric constant, thermal capacity, strength, toughness, flexibility,formability, and the like.

[0115] Engagement prongs 70 in accordance with the present invention mayhave any suitable configuration. The number of prongs 70 may range fromone to several and be selected to provide a balanced securement betweena face plate 20 and a fixture 12. The number of hooks 76 making up eachprong 70 may also range from one to several depending on a desiredengagement strength, ease of manufacture, ease of installation, ease ofremoval, and the like. In certain embodiments, the engagement strengthmay be balanced with a desired release loading. The general shape orcontour of the prongs 70 may also be selected to provide a desiredengagement strength, ease of manufacture, ease of installation, ease ofremoval, and the like.

[0116] Referring to FIGS. 18-20, alternative embodiments in accordancewith the present invention may employ alternative methods for securing ascrewless face plate 20 to a fixture 12. In one alternative embodiment,a flange 72 a of a fixture 12 may have an engagement lip 84 formedtherein. A extension 86 may be formed in association with acorresponding face plate 20. The engagement lip 84 may be configured tofit behind the extension 86 to hold the upper portion of the face plate20 to the flange 72 a.

[0117] An aperture 66 may be formed in a flange 72 b of the fixture 12.A corresponding engagement prong 70 may be formed in association withthe face plate 20. The prong 70 illustrated in FIGS. 18-19 is an exampleof a single hook, rectangular prong 70. The aperture 66 may be shaped tocorrespond to the design of the prong 70. In selected embodiments, thelip 84/extension 86 and aperture 66/prong 70 combinations may cooperateto secure the face plate 20 to the fixture 12. Such an embodiment may beinstalled by first inserting the lip 84 behind the extension 86 and thenrotating the face plate 20 down against the fixture 12 until theprong(s) 70 may be inserted into the corresponding aperture(s) 66. Theprong 70 engagement may provide a tie to resist the tendency of the lip84 to disengage from the extension 86.

[0118] An engagement lip 84 in accordance with the present invention maybe divided into multiple engagement lips 84. In selected embodiments, anupper flange 72 a may be formed into two lips 84 a, 84 b. The lips 84 a,84 b may be separated by a notch 88. A stop 90 may be formed as part ofa corresponding extension 86. The stop 90 may fit into the notch 88 toprevent lateral motion between the upper flange 72 a and the face plate20.

[0119] In certain embodiments, ends 92 may form an enclosure 94 incombination with an extension 86 and corresponding face plate 20. Theends 92 may function to laterally retain the lip 84 of a flange 72 a,when assembled.

[0120] In selected embodiments, a face plate 20 in accordance with thepresent invention may have an access notch 96. In certain embodiments,an access notch 96 may simply provide a hold to permit the applicationof force to “pop” a face plate 20 from a corresponding fixture 12. Inalternative embodiments, the access notch 96 may provide access behindthe face plate 20 to a slender tool. The slender tool may then be usedto assist in the release of a an engagement prong 70.

[0121] Referring to Figure. 21, an alternative embodiment of anengagement between a screwless face plate 20 and a fixture 12 mayinvolve the engagement of an edge 98 of the flanges 72 of the fixture12. One or more of the engagement prongs 70 of the face plate 20 may beconfigured to engage an edge 98. In selected embodiments, the prongs 70may be formed to have a hook 76 and a flexible neck 78. In certainembodiments, a flange 72 may include a formation 100 to resist motion ina longitudinal direction 11 a of a face plate 70 with respect thereto.Such a formation 100 may be formed by bending, cutting and bending,notching, or similarly modifying the edge 98 to resist sliding of aprong 70 therealong in a longitudinal direction 11 a.

[0122] Referring to FIG. 22, an alternative embodiment of an engagementbetween a screwless face plate 20 and a fixture 12 may involve anengagement between a face plate 20 and an interface 104 of a fixture 12.Typically, the interface 104 of a fixture 12 extends a selected distance106 to provide a flush joint with a face plate 20. That is, theinterface 104 extends to provide a facing 108 that may be substantiallycoplanear with a surface 110 of the face plate 20, thereby improvingaesthetic appeal. The area of the facing 108 may be selected tocorrespond to a selected interface 104. Power outlet plugs 104 provide arelatively large surface area. In contrast, switches 104 typically havea toggle central unit and a thin border providing minimal surroundingfacing 108.

[0123] The extension distance 106 of the electrical interface 104provides the surface (substantially perpendicular to the facing 108) ofan edge 102. An edge 112 of an aperture 114 (the aperture 114 may admitthe interface 104 through the face plate 20) may be configured to engagethe edge 102 of the interface 104. This engagement may be of anysuitable form. For example, the engagement may involve any suitablecombination of tabs, recesses, hooks, shoulders, and the like.

[0124] In selected embodiments, the engagement between the edges 102,112 may involve tabs 116 formed on the face plate 20 and recesses 118formed in the interface 104. The shape, number, and location of thesecorresponding pairs may be selected to provide a desired engagementstrength, magnitude, and balance. Engagement strength refers to theamount of force required to apply and secure the face plate 20 to thefixture 12 or, alternatively, the force required to separate the faceplate 20 from the fixture 12. The engagement strength may be selected toprovide fast “snap-on” assembly without risking inadvertent removal ofthe face plate 20 and possible electrical shock resulting therefrom.

[0125] Referring to FIGS. 23 and 24, an adapter 120 may be provided toconvert or retrofit a conventional fixture 12 to receive a screwlessface plate 20. In selected embodiments, an adapter 120 in accordancewith the present invention may include an aperture 122 corresponding toaperture 64 of a flange 72. A fastener 22 used to secure an anchor 16 toa fixture 12 may also pass through the aperture 122 to hold an adapter120 in place against the flange 72. The adapter 120 may extend toprovide apertures 68 for admitting the prongs 70 of a corresponding faceplate 20. In this manner, a snap-on, screwless face plate 20 may beretrofitted to typical power receptacles and switches.

[0126] An adapter 120 in accordance with the present invention may beformed of any suitable material. In selected embodiments, the adapter120 may be formed by stamping sheet metal. In an alternative embodiment,the adapter 120 may be a molded polymer or composite.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 25, in certain embodiments, clips 124 may beattached to an electrical fixture 12 to retain a face plate 20 withoutthe use of screws or other similar retainers. For example, clips 124 a,124 b may be attached to an electrical fixture 12 using the fasteners 22a, 22 b used to attach the anchors 16 a, 16 b. In an alternateembodiment, the clips 124 a, 124 b may be held in place by the fasteners22 a, 22 b directly engaging the connection box 14.

[0128] The clips 124 may receive and retain the face plate 20 whileremaining hidden from sight behind the face of the face plate 20. Incertain embodiments, a notch 96 or other access point 96 may be providedto enable the insertion of a tool, finger, or other device to applypressure to one of the clips 124 to enable the release of the face plate20 from the electrical fixture 12 or connection box 14. The notch 96 maybe located on the face plate 20 such that it is substantially hidden orinconspicuous. For example, the notch 96 may be located on the bottom ofthe face plate 20 where it may be substantially hidden from the view.

[0129] Referring to FIG. 26, a clip 124 may have a shape selected toengage the flange 72 of the fixture 12. For example, the clip 124 may becurved or shaped to include a back face 126 in order to sandwich aflange 72 of the electrical fixture 12. This design may be useful toretrofit existing electrical fixtures 12 to receive a screwless faceplate 20.

[0130] A clip 124 in accordance with the present invention may be formedof any suitable material. For example, a clip 124 may be formed from asingle sheet or panel of metal (e.g. steel), plastic, or the like.Likewise, the clip may be formed (e.g. molded, extruded, cast, machined,stamped, or the like) as needed using any suitable method.

[0131] A clip 124 may include an aperture 128 that may accommodate afastener 22. The aperture 128 may provide clearance for the fastener 22,thus, enabling the clip 124 to sit flush with the surface of the flange72. The aperture 128 may also interact with the fastener 22 to form adetent mechanism. That is, the fastener 22, in conjunction with theaperture 128, may act as a piloting mechanism to effectively align andsituate the clip 124 with respect to the flange 72.

[0132] Since the clip 124 may be used to retrofit an installedelectrical fixture 12, a fastener 22 may already be positioned beforethe installation of the clip 124. Thus, in certain embodiments, the clip124 may be shaped to include a lip 130. The lip 130 may enable the clip124 to slide over a fastener 22 until the fastener 22 is aligned withthe aperture 128. Because the fastener 22 may extend from the electricalfixture 12 to an connection box 14 or other object 14, a slot 132 may beprovided in the back face 126 to enable the clip 124 to slide over thethreaded portion of the fastener 22.

[0133] A retainer 134 in accordance with the present invention mayextend from the clip 130 to engage a face plate 20. As statedhereinabove, the clip 124 may be formed from a single metal or otheruniform stock material. Thus, a retainer 134 may be bent, shaped,stamped, or the like from the clip 124, leaving an opening 136.Nevertheless, the clip 124 may be formed using other methods, such ascasting, extrusion, molding, machining, or the like, and need not belimited to the example described herein.

[0134] Referring to FIG. 27, clips 130 in accordance with the presentinvention may be formed in any manner that may aid in ease of assemblyand increase the integrity of the engagement between the clip 30 and theface plate 20. For example, slots 138 may be formed where the retainer134 connects to the rest of the clip 124. If desired, the slots 138 mayextend a selected distance into the back face 126. The slots 138 mayincrease flexibility and deflection of the retainer 134, thus providinga smoother engagement with the face plate 20. In certain embodiments,the slots 138 may terminate in a rounded end to resist the formation ofa stress riser upon deflection of the retainer 134.

[0135] In certain embodiments, a lip 130 may be formed to extend asubstantial distance from the clip 124. An extended lip 130 may providea spring biasing the retainer 134 into a firm engagement with the faceplate 20. That is, the lip 130 may act as a spring to substantiallyremove the play between the retainer 134 and the face plate 20. Ifdesired, an aperture 140 may be formed in the back face 126 of the clip124 to permit a fastener 22 to pass therethrough.

[0136] Referring to FIG. 28, a face plate 20 may include one or morebarbs 142 located to engage the retainers 134. The barbs may include aramp 144 and an engagement edge 146. When a face plate 20 is applied toan electrical fixture 12, the retainers 134 may deflect while slidingalong the ramps 144 until passing over the engagement edges 146. Oncethe retainer 134 has engaged the engagement edge 146, the lips 130 a,130 b may exert forces 148 a, 148 b on the face plate 20. The forces 148a, 148 b may urge the retainers 134 a, 134 b against engagement edges146 a, 146 b, thus reducing the play that may be present in theengagement of the fixture 12 with the face plate 20.

[0137] In an alternative embodiment, one of the clips 124 may be formedof a substantially rigid material (e.g. substantially non-deflectablematerial) and the other 124 may be formed from a comparativelydeflectable material. Thus, in this embodiment, a substantially rigidclip 124 may be initially placed over a first engagement edge 146 a anda deflectable clip 124 slide along the ramp 144 b until it engages asecond engagement edge 146 b.

[0138] As previously described, a notch 96 may provide access to theretainer 134. Thus, a tool, finger, or other device may mechanicallyurge deflection of the retainer 134, thereby releasing the face plate 20from the electrical fixture 12.

[0139] Referring to FIG. 29, in instances where a retrofitted solutionis not needed, an electrical fixture 12 may include a retainer 134formed as part of a flange 72. The retainer 134 and flange 72 may beformed (e.g. molded, extruded, cast, machined, stamped, or the like)from a single homogenous material. In addition, the number, bulk, andinconvenience of multiple components may be reduced.

[0140] Referring to FIG. 30, in other embodiments, an adapter 150 foruse with a screwless face plate 20 may be attached to an electricalfixture 12 using a fastener 152. For example, a screw 152 normally usedto attach a face plate 20 to an electrical fixture 12 may be used (e.g.at the factory) to attach an adapter 150 to the fixture 12. The adapter150 may include one or more barbs (e.g. teeth, hooks) 154 a, 154 b toreceive and retain a screwless face plate 20. In the illustratedembodiment, the barbs 154 a, 154 b may engage the interior side edges ofthe face plate 20. However, the adapter 150 may be alternativelyconfigured to contact the face plate 20 in one or more of otherlocations.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 31, in another embodiment, a fastener 152 maysupport securement of the adapter 150 to the electrical fixture 20without the use of tools. For example, a fastener 152 may include clips156 a, 156 b formed as an integral part of an adapter 150. The clips 156a, 156 b may clip onto or attach to the fixture 12. Thus, the adapter150 may both attach to the fixture 12 and to the face plate 20 withoutthe use of tools.

[0142] Referring to FIGS. 32-35, in certain embodiments, upon insertion,the engagement mechanism 24 of the anchor 16 may structurally interferewith the engagement mechanism 39 of the receiver 18. Thus, furtherinsertion of the anchor 16 into the receiver 18 may be problematic. Forexample, in embodiments where the interference between the teeth 30 andbarbs 44 becomes an issue, either the anchor 16, the receiver 18, orboth the anchor 16 and the receiver 18 may flex or deflect to amelioratethe resistance to insertion.

[0143] In selected embodiments, an anchor 16 in accordance with thepresent invention may be dynamic when interacting with the receiver 18.For example, the engagement mechanism 24 of the anchor 16 may be formedas a cantilever 158. The cantilever 158 may secure to the rest of theanchor 16 at a flex point 160. A distal end 162 of the cantilever 158may extend in the transverse direction 11 c away from the flex point160. Thus, the distal end 162 of the cantilever 158 may resiliently flexin a lateral arc 164 providing deflection of the engagement mechanism 24in substantially the lateral direction 11 b.

[0144] A cantilever 158 may have any configuration to provide a desiredresiliency, strength, deflection amplitude, spring constant, and thelike. For example, the cantilever 158 may have a thickness 166 and awidth 168 selected to provide an effective spring constant fordeflection of the distal end 162 of the cantilever 158. Generally, thethicker and wider the cantilever 158, the greater the spring constantfor any material. If desired, the thickness and/or width of thecantilever 158 may vary along a length 170 thereof. The length 170 ofthe cantilever may also be varied to control the spring constant of thecantilever 158. In certain embodiments, fillets 172 or radiused corners172 may be employed at the flex point 160 to resist the formation ofstress risers that may result in premature failure of the cantilever158.

[0145] The location of the engagement mechanism 24 on the cantilever 158may be varied to provide a desired performance. Points on the cantilever158 closer to the flex point 160 deflect less distance in the lateraldirection 11 b than do points on the cantilever 158 closer to the distalend 162. The engagement mechanism 24 may be positioned to take advantageof this disparity in deflection along the length 170 of the cantilever158. For example, in certain embodiments, the engagement locations 30may be spaced a selected distance 174 from the flex point 160. Thespacing 174 may increase the deflection of the engagement locations 30in the lateral direction 11 a while decreasing the force necessary forcausing that deflection.

[0146] In certain embodiments, even after the engagement locations 30are spaced a selected distance 174 from the flex point 160, interferencebetween the engagement locations 30 and the engagement mechanism 39 ofthe receiver 18 may be excessive. In such embodiments, additionaladaptations to the engagement locations 30 may be applied. For example,in embodiments where the engagement locations 30 are teeth 30, the teeth30 a, 30 b proximate the flex point 160 may gradually decrease in height176. Thus, while proximate teeth 30 a, 30 b do not deflect as far as thedistal teeth 30 near the distal end 162, the proximate teeth 30 a, 30 b,may have less height 176 to clear the barbs 44 of the receiver 18. Inother embodiments, where the number of necessary engagement locations 30is limited, the teeth 30 a, 30 b closest to the flex point 160 may beomitted, thus, effectively increasing the spacing 174.

[0147] In selected embodiments, various stops may be incorporated intothe anchor 16 design to improve performance. For example, a deflectionstop 178 may be placed on the anchor 16 to resist or limit how far thedistal end 163 of a cantilever 158 may inwardly deflect. In otherembodiments, an insertion stop 180 may be added to a suitable locationon the anchor 16. The insertion stop 180 may resist over insertion ofthe anchor 16 in the receiver 18. An insertion stop 18 may be formed foreasy removal (e.g. by breaking or tearing) so that in certainapplications, the anchor 16 may have no barrier to insertion. Ifdesired, an insertion stop 180 may be positioned to facilitate itsremoval even after installation. Thus, if necessary, once the insertionstop 180 is removed, the anchor 16 may be pushed completely through, andout of, the receiver 18.

[0148] Referring to FIGS. 36-38, a dynamic anchor 16 in accordance withthe present invention may be formed of any suitable material.Characteristics that may be considered when selecting a material for adynamic anchor 16 may include, cost, resilience, toughness, strength,and the like. In certain embodiments, a dynamic anchor 16 is molded froma polymer material.

[0149] When a dynamic anchor 16 is inserted 182 into a receiver 18, thecantilevers 158 may remain in their neutral positions 184. In certainembodiments, the neutral position 184 results in the engagementmechanism 24 of the anchor 16 structurally interfering with theengagement mechanism 39 of the receiver 18. For example, the teeth 30 ofthe anchor 16 come in contact with the barbs 44 of the receiver 18. Withcontinued insertion 182, the distal ends 162 of the cantilevers 158begin to deflect inwardly in lateral arcs 164 to pass over the barbs 44.

[0150] In selected embodiments, after each tooth 30 passes over the barb44, the resiliency of the cantilever 158 returns the engagementmechanism 24 to the neutral position. The barb 44 may then engage themost recent tooth 30 to pass over and resist motion in a directionopposite that of insertion 182. If the anchor 16 is not yet in thedesired position, insertion 182, and the resulting cantilever 158deflection, may continue until the anchor 16 reaches the desired depthof insertion.

[0151] In embodiments where the engagement mechanism 24 is teeth 30, theteeth 30 and barbs 44 may have any have any suitable shape. For example,the teeth 30 and barbs 44 may have face angles 186 selected to lower theinsertion force necessary for the teeth 30 to slide over the barbs 44.Face angles 186 between zero and ninety degrees may be suitable. Inselected embodiments the face angles are approximately forty-fivedegrees. Similarly, the teeth 30 and barbs 44 may have back angles 188selected to encourage engagement when the anchor 16 is pulled in adirection opposite that of insertion 182. Back angles 188 between zeroand ninety degrees may be suitable. In certain embodiments, the backangles 188 are approximately ninety degrees, but lower values encourageengagement.

[0152] In selected embodiments, the teeth 30 are formed with an undercut189. A corresponding barb 44 may have a similar shape. Thus, when theanchor 16 is pulled in a direction opposite the direction of insertion182, the teeth 30 and barb 44 provide a self-energizing engagement. Thatis, under a retracting force, the undercut 189 tends to draw the teeth30 and barb 44 together into a deeper engagement. An undercut 189 designmay counteract the tendency of the cantilever 158 to bend away from thebarb 44 under a retracting force, and thus, provide a firmer engagementwithout requiring a greater insertion force.

[0153] In selected embodiments, the teeth 30 and barbs 44 may includedbuttressing 191 or thickening 191. Buttressing 191 may increase strengthand durability of the teeth 30 and barbs 44. Buttressing 191 may thuspermit an engagement between an anchor and a receiver to withstandlarger retraction forces.

[0154] In certain embodiments, the spring constant of the cantilever 158may cause a gradual increase in the insertion force necessary for theeach consecutive tooth 30 to pass over a corresponding barb 44. Inselected embodiments, a deflection stop 178 may be positioned to stopdeflection of the distal end 162 of the cantilever 158 before all theteeth 30 have passed over their corresponding barbs 44. A deflectionstop 178 so arranged may increase resistance to the insertion of theanchor 16 above that expected with the spring constant of the cantilever158. That is, when the distal end 162 deflects to contact the deflectionstop 178, the cantilever 178 behaves as the superposition of acantilever and a simply supported beam (i.e. a beam supported on bothends thereof).

[0155] The placement of a deflection stop 178, and thus thesuperposition of a cantilever and a simply supported beam, may be usedto increase the insertion force necessary to advance the anchor 16. Atooth 30 passing over a barb 44 in a superposition arrangement mustovercome both the cantilever forces originally imposed as well as thebeam bending (bowing) forces that begin when the distal end 162 of thecantilever 158 contacts the deflection stop 178. In selectedembodiments, the deflection stops 178 may be positioned so that thesuperposition effect begins as the anchor 16 nears a point of maximuminsertion into the receiver 18. In certain embodiments wheresuperposition effect is undesirable, the deflection stops 178 may bepositioned to provide adequate deflection of the cantilever 158 or thedeflection stops 178 may be omitted entirely.

[0156] Referring to FIGS. 39-42, an anchor 16 in accordance with thepresent invention may have any suitable number of cantilevers 158. Incertain applications, one cantilever 158 may be sufficient. In otherapplications, more engagement mechanisms 24, and thus more cantilevers158, may be needed to meet load requirements. In selected embodiments,two cantilevers 158 are used in mirror relation to one another toprovide a balanced engagement. In applications requiring a longer anchor16, multiple mirrored cantilever 158 pairs may be incorporated. In oneembodiment, three mirrored pairs of cantilevers 158 are positioned atvarious locations along the anchor 16.

[0157] In certain embodiments, different cantilevers 158 may performdifferent functions. Each cantilever 158 may be formed to best performthe function assigned. For example, longer anchors 16 support fixtures12 while maintaining sufficient spacing between the fixture 12 and theconnection box 14 to permit an installer to connect wires and the like.Long anchors 12 may be particularly helpful for installing overheadfixtures 12.

[0158] To take advantage of the length of the long anchors 16, anengagement mechanism 24 located on a first cantilever 158 a may bepositioned near the tip 36 of the anchor 16. Thus, with minimalinsertion, the engagement mechanism 24 of the anchor 16 may engage theengagement mechanism 39 of the receiver 18. When all the appropriatewiring has been completed, the installer may desire to insert the anchor16 into the receiver 18 further than the first cantilever 158 a maysupport. To insert the anchor 16 deeper into the receiver 18, theengagement mechanism 24 on the first cantilever 158 a must completelypass over the engagement mechanism 39 of the receiver.

[0159] To make a complete pass over the engagement mechanism 39 of thereceiver 18 with minimal effort, the number of engagement locations 30may be limited, thus limiting the number of obstacles to overcome.Additionally, the spacing 174 a of the engagement locations 30 from theflex point 160 may be sufficiently large to ensure that a smalldeflection of the cantilever 158 a provides clearance for all theengagement locations 30. A small deflection of the cantilever 158 arequires a relatively small force. Thus, the force needed to advance theanchor 16 may be correspondingly small.

[0160] If desired, an intermediate engagement mechanism 24 may bepositioned on a second cantilever 158 b. The intermediate engagementmechanism 24 may permit an installer to position the fixture 12 aselected distance from the connection box 14. If an installer desires toinsert the anchor 16 into the receiver 18 further than the secondcantilever 158 b may support, then the engagement mechanism 24 on thefirst cantilever 158 b must completely pass over the engagementmechanism 39 of the receiver.

[0161] To limit the force need to advance the second cantilever 158 bover the engagement mechanism 39 of the receiver 18, the number ofengagement locations 30 may be limited, thus limiting the number ofobstacles to overcome. Additionally, the spacing 174 b of the engagementlocations 30 from the flex point 160 may be sufficiently large to ensurethat a small deflection of the cantilever 158 b provides clearance forall the engagement locations 30. As discussed hereinabove, a smalldeflection of the cantilever 158 b requires a comparatively small force.Thus, the force needed to advance the anchor 16 may correspond.

[0162] As a long anchor 16 nears complete insertion, a final engagementmechanism 24 may be positioned on a third cantilever 158 c. The thirdcantilever 158 c may provide more engagement locations 30, so aninstaller may fine tune the final securement location of the fixture 12with respect to the connection box 14. The spacing 174 c of theengagement locations 30 from the flex point 160 may be smaller than thespacings 174 a, 174 b on the first and second cantilevers 158 a, 158 b,because it may be less likely that an installer will desire to force theanchor 16 any deeper into the receiver 18. Thus, the force required toachieve such movement may be of less a concern.

[0163] An anchor 16 in accordance with the present invention may bedesigned to provide efficient use of materials. For example, inembodiments where an anchor 16 is molded from a polymer, variousapertures 190 and cavities 190 may be formed therein to conserve thepolymer. The apertures 190 and cavities 190 may be positioned tominimize their affect on the structural integrity of the anchor 16.

[0164] Referring to FIGS. 43 and 44, in certain applications it may bedesirable to have a relatively long anchor 16 having a continuous arrayof engagement locations 30 spanning a selected length 192. A relativelylong cantilever 158 may be used to support the continuous array ofengagement locations 30. The length 170 of such a cantilever 158 mayresult in a relatively small spring constant for loads applied at anysignificant distance from the flex point 160. Thus, it may be helpful tosupplement the resiliency of the cantilever 158 with an additionalbiasing member 194.

[0165] A biasing member 194, in accordance with the present inventionmay be any mechanism for supplementing the resiliency of the cantilever158. Suitable biasing members 194 may include coil springs of anymaterial, leaf springs of any material, elastomers, and the like. Incertain embodiments, the biasing member 194 may be a leaf spring 194integrally molded with the rest of the anchor 16.

[0166] If more than one cantilever 158 is employed in an anchor 16, abiasing member 194 may support one or more of the cantilevers 158.Additionally, more than one biasing member 194 may support a singlecantilever 158. In one embodiment, mirrored cantilevers 158 may besupported by mirrored, integrally molded leaf springs 194. In such anembodiment, a bridge 196 may secure the base 198 or a center point 198of the leaf springs 194. For example, the bridge 196 may extend in thelateral direction 11 b from one sliding surface 38 to another. Thebridge 196 may hold the base 198 relatively stationary while flexingends 200 of the leaf springs 194 extend from the base 198 towards thecantilevers 158. In selected embodiments, mirrored leaf springs 194 mayshare a common base 198.

[0167] The length 202 and width 204 of the leaf springs 194 may beselected to provide a desired spring constant. Shorter and wider leafsprings 194 may be stiffer and provide a higher spring constant. Longerand thinner leaf springs 194 may be more flexible and provide a smallerspring constant. If desired, the width 204 of the leaf springs 194 mayvary with their length 202. In certain embodiments, the leaf springs 194may form an arc. In other embodiments, the leaf springs may be straightto form a “V” pattern. In other embodiments, the biasing member 194 maybe two cantilevered beams 194 extending at an angle 206 from the bridge196 towards the cantilevers 158. The two cantilevered beams 194 mayextend along a common line and share a base 198 or flex point 198. Thecantilevered beams 194 may have a length 202 and a width 204 selected toprovide a desired spring constant.

[0168] In certain embodiments, as the cantilevers 158 deflect inward,the cantilevers 158 contact the biasing members 194. The biasing members194 may provide resistance to the continued inward deflection of thecantilevers 158. The amount of deflection of a cantilever 158 beforecontacting a biasing member 194 may be selected to provide a desireddeflection resistance. Thus, by selecting the length 202, width 204,angle 206, number, location, spacing, and the like of the biasingmembers 194, the deflection of the cantilevers 158 may be controlled toprovide a desired insertion force, retraction resistance, and the likebetween an anchor 16 and a receiver 18 in accordance with the presentinvention.

[0169] Referring to FIG. 45, as mentioned hereinabove, the presentinvention may be embodied in various forms. In selected embodiments,modifications to the previously described embodiments may be helpful.For example, in certain embodiments, it may be desirable to havenon-perpendicular engagement locations 30. That is, the engagementlocations 30 may be positioned at an angle 207. The shape and positionof the engagement mechanism 44 of the receive may be designedaccordingly. In certain embodiments, engagement locations 30 at an angle207 may reduce the requisite insertion force.

[0170] Referring to FIG. 46, in certain embodiments, cantilevers 158 maybe formed to extend in the lateral direction 11 b from an anchor 16.Cantilevers 158 extending laterally may flex in transverse arcs 209 topass over the engagement mechanism 44 of the receiver 18. If desired, alaterally extending cantilever 158 in accordance with the presentinvention may extend in the transverse direction 11 c as well. Thetransverse component of extension may allow the engagement location 30to be inserted past a barb 44 of the receiver 18, yet firmly engage thebarb 44 when a retraction force is applied.

[0171] In selected embodiments, laterally extending cantilevers 158 maybe integrally formed with the anchor 16. For example, a laterallyextending cantilever 158 may be molded as a continuous part of theanchor 16. In another embodiment, the laterally extending cantilever 158may be formed as a material dissimilar from that of the rest of theanchor 16. For example, a laterally extending cantilever 158 may be aresilient metal extension 158. A resilient metal extension 158 may beincorporated into the anchor 16 in an insert molding process. In anotherembodiment, a resilient metal extension 158 may be formed to bine orotherwise secure to the anchor 16 after the anchor has been formed.

[0172] Referring to FIG. 47, in selected embodiments, a receiver 18 inaccordance with the present invention may be dynamic when interactingwith an anchor 16. For example, the engagement mechanism 39 of thereceiver 18 may be formed as a cantilever 158. The cantilever 158 maysecure to the rest of the receiver 18 at a flex point 160. A distal end162 of the cantilever 158 may extend in the transverse direction 11 caway from the flex point 160. Thus, the distal end 162 of the cantilever158 may resiliently flex in a lateral arc 164 providing deflection ofthe engagement mechanism 39 in substantially the lateral direction 11 b.

[0173] The cantilever 158 may have a thickness 166 and a length 170selected to provide an effective spring constant for deflection of thedistal end 162 of the cantilever 158. Generally, the thicker and shorterthe cantilever 158, the greater the spring constant. If desired, thethickness of the cantilever 158 may vary along the length 170.

[0174] When an anchor 16 is inserted 182 into a dynamic receiver 18, thecantilevers 158 may remain in their neutral positions. In certainembodiments, the neutral position results in the engagement mechanism 24of the anchor 16 structurally interfering with the engagement mechanism39 of the receiver 18. For example, the teeth 30 of the anchor 16 comein contact with the barbs 44 of the receiver 18. With continuedinsertion 182, the distal ends 162 of the cantilevers 158 begin todeflect outward in lateral arcs 164 to pass over the teeth 30.

[0175] In selected embodiments, after the barb 44 passes over each tooth30, the resiliency of the cantilever 158 returns the engagementmechanism 39 to the neutral position. The barb 44 may then engage themost recent tooth 30 to pass under and resist motion in a directionopposite that of insertion 182. If the anchor 16 is not yet in thedesired position, the insertion 182, and the resulting cantilever 158deflection, may continue until the anchor 16 reaches the desired depthof insertion.

[0176] A dynamic receiver 18 in accordance with the present inventionmay provide a substantially uniform insertion force with out regard tothe length of the anchor 16. Additionally, a dynamic receiver 18 permitsan anchor 16 to have a large array of engagement locations 30 along thelength of the anchor 16 from which an installer may select whenpositioning a fixture 12 with respect to a connection box 14.

[0177] Referring to FIGS. 48-50, in certain applications, it may beadvantageous to have a dynamic receiver 18 that may be easily formed.For example, it may be advantageous to have a dynamic receiver 18 and aconnection box 14 that made be formed as a single unit of a polymer in atwo-piece mold.

[0178] In certain embodiments, a dynamic receiver 18 is formed by atwo-piece mold to form one or more extensions 208. An extension 208 maybe formed in a neutral position 210 at the location were the two moldhalves meet. The extension 208 may be formed with a narrow neck 212connecting the extension 208 to the rest of the receiver 18. Theextension 208 may taper to the narrow neck 212 to form a vertex orfolding angle 214. In certain embodiments, an extension 208 may beformed with an engagement angle 216. The engagement angle 216 may beselected to provide a firm engagement with the engagement locations 30of a corresponding anchor 16.

[0179] Upon insertion 182 of an anchor 16 into the receiver 18, theextension 208 may contact the engagement locations 30 or teeth 30 andflex in a transverse arc 218 at the narrow neck 212. The magnitude ofthe folding angle 214 may determining how far the extension 208 maydeflecting in a maximum flex position 220. In certain embodiments, theengagement locations 30 or teeth 30 may be recessed from the slidingsurfaces 38 a selected recess distance 222. The recess distance 222 andthe folding angle 214 may be selected to provide the extension 208 withenough deflection and clearance to pass over the teeth 30 duringinsertion of an anchor 16. That is, the recess distance 222 may provideenough clearance for the extension 208 in the maximum flex position 220to pass over the teeth 30.

[0180] In selected embodiments, the recess distance 222 may be selectedto slightly interfere with an extension 208 in a maximum flex position220. Thus, as each tooth 30 passes the extension 208, there is aresiliency urging the extension 208 into the recesses 224 between theteeth 30 toward an engagement position 226. In an engagement position226, when the anchor 16 is pulled in a direction opposite that ofinsertion 182, the extension 208 engages the last tooth 30 to pass by.The extension 208 act as a two force member resisting further retractionof the anchor 16.

[0181] Referring to FIG. 51, a dynamic receiver 18 in accordance withthe present invention may be formed in a connection box 14 of anysuitable material. Characteristics that may be considered when selectinga material for a connection box 14 having a dynamic receiver 18 mayinclude cost, electrical properties, heat resistance, fire resistence,resilience, toughness, strength, and the like. In certain embodiments, adynamic receiver 18 is molded from a polymer material as an integralpart of the connection box 14.

[0182] In certain embodiments, a notch 227 may be formed in the receiver18. The notch 227 may provide a recess to receive an insertion stop 180on the anchor 16. Thus, permitting the anchor 16 to be inserted untilflush with the face of the receiver 18.

[0183] Referring to FIGS. 52-54, in certain applications, a connectionbox 14 may have an open face 228. A proximal end 230 of a connection box14 may be formed to engage a structural member 232 (e.g. wall stud,floor joist). For example, the proximal end 230 may have an extension234 to support a fastener 236. The fastener 236 (e.g. nail, screw) mayin turn engage the structural member 232 and thus secure the connectionbox 14. The connection box 14 may have a distal end 238 extending in thelateral direction 11 b away from the proximal end 230 and the structuralmember 232.

[0184] In selected applications, a front panel 240 may secure to thestructural member 232. In one embodiment, the face panel 240 may have anaperture 242 formed therein to expose the open face 228 of theconnection box 14. A back panel 244 may secure to the structural member232 opposite the face panel 240. The face and back panels 240, 244 mayvary in form from application to application. For example, in selectedapplications the face and back panels 240, 244 may be drywall, woodpaneling, concrete, some combination of drywall, wood, and concrete, andthe like.

[0185] Typically, when a fixture 12 is installed, the face panel 240 isalready in place and all that is visible of the connection box 14 is theopen face 228. An attempt to insert an anchor 16 into a connection box14 so arranged may cause the box 14 to deflect inwardly 246. The facepanel 240 may prevent a user from gaining access to the connection box14 and stopping the inward deflection 246. Inward deflection 246 isusually permitted by less than perfect engagement between the connectionbox 14 and the structural member 232. The inward deflection 246 is mostnoticeable on long multi-gang connection boxes 14. In certainsituations, the inward deflection 246 may preclude an installer fromproperly installing a fixture 12.

[0186] In certain embodiments, a connection box 14 in accordance withthe present invention may be formed with a standoff, foot, or spacer 248to resist inward deflection 246. The spacer 248 may extend from theconnection box 14 to contact the back panel 244, thus resisting inwarddeflection 246 in that direction. In selected embodiment, the connectionbox 14 and spacer 248 may be formed as separate pieces. For example, aconnection box 14 may have a slide 250 secured to, or integrally formedwith, the distal end 238 of the connection box 14. The slide 250 mayreceive the spacer 248 and maintain the spacer 250 directed towards theback panel 244. The slide 250 may permit an installer of the connectionbox 14 to install the spacer 248 on site. Thus, the spacer 248 may onlybe applied to connection boxes 14 that may need it.

[0187] If desired, a face panel alignment stop 252 may act as a registerfor the spacer 248 with respect to the slide 250. That is, alignmentstops 252 are often included on connection boxes 14 to register the openface 228 of the connection box 14 with respect to the face panel 240. Itmay be a simple matter to position the slide 250 so that the alignmentstop 252 will register the spacer 248 and thus maintain the connectionbox 14 fixed in the transverse direction 11 c away from the back panel244. Additionally, the slide 250 may be formed to resist the removal ofthe spacer 248. In one embodiment, the slide 250 has sufficientfrictional engagement with the spacer 248 to prevent inadvertentremoval.

[0188] A spacer 248 in accordance with the present invention may beformed of any suitable material. Additionally, a spacer 248 may have anysuitable configuration. For example, in one embodiment, the spacer 248may have an extension 254 and a foot 256. The extension 254 may providethe spacing while the foot 256 may resist penetration of the spacer 248into the back panel 244.

[0189] Spacers 248 in accordance with the present invention may haveextensions 254 of various lengths. In one embodiment, an extension 254may have scores 258 or weakened lines 258 at various lengths associatedwith distances commonly found between the face and back panels 240, 244.For example, the distances between the face and back panels 240, 244 areoften characteristic of the dimensions of the structural member 232.Thus, an extension 254 may have a first length 260 for fitting a 2×6stud 232 and a score 258 at a second length 262 for fitting a 2×4 stud232. The extension 254 may be used as is for a 2×6 wall and may bebroken on the score 258 for use with a 2×4 wall.

[0190] From the above discussion, it will be appreciated that thepresent invention provides an apparatus and method for fast and simpleconnection box assembly without screw rotation and the time or toolsassociated therewith. An embodiment in accordance with the presentinvention may provide an apparatus for securing a fixture to aconnection box.

[0191] In a factory manufacturing process an anchor may be secured to afixture. The anchor may have an engagement mechanism formed therewith. Aconnection box may be provided to house wires proceeding from a sourceto terminate therein. A receiver may be associated with the connectionbox. The receiver may have an engagement mechanism formed to receive andretain the engagement mechanism of the anchor. Thus, the anchor andreceiver may be intermediaries in the securement of the fixture to theconnection box.

[0192] Face plates in accordance with the present invention may haveengagement prongs. These prongs may be inserted through apertures in acorresponding fixture to maintain the face plate aligned securelythereagainst. A face plate may be installed by simply pressing theengagement prongs through the appropriate apertures in the fixture.Alternatively, a fixture may be fitted with clips having retainers forengaging corresponding barbs formed in the face plates. In such anembodiment, a face plate may be installed by pressing a fixturethereagainst until the retainers engage the barbs.

[0193] Once a fixture has been wired, whether or not a face plate hasbeen applied thereto, the resulting assembly may be secured to theconnection box by inserting one or more of the attached anchors intocorresponding receivers associated with the connection box. The anchormay be inserted a depth into the receiver selected to properly positionthe electrical device, face plate, or both. Insertion of an anchor intoa receiver may be accomplished without the aid of tools.

[0194] The present invention may be embodied in other specific formswithout departing from its essential characteristics. The describedembodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative,and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicatedby the appended claims, rather than by the foregoing description. Allchanges that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of theclaims are to be embraced within their scope.

What is claimed and desired to be secured by United States LettersPatent is:
 1. An anchoring assembly defining longitudinal, lateral, andtransverse directions, the anchoring assembly comprising: a connectionbox comprising a receiver having a first engagement mechanism therein.an anchor formed to be received within the receiver exclusively bytranslation in the longitudinal direction and having a second engagementmechanism formed with at least one engagement location to engage thefirst engagement mechanism; at least one of the first and secondengagement mechanisms formed as a cantilever and arranged to deflectwhen, upon insertion, an engagement location of the at least oneengagement position passes the first engagement mechanism.
 2. Theanchoring assembly of claim 1, wherein the receiver comprises a channelextending in the longitudinal direction
 3. The anchoring assembly ofclaim 2, wherein the first engagement mechanism comprises a barbextending in the lateral direction into the channel.
 4. The anchoringassembly of claim 3, wherein an engagement location of the at least oneengagement location comprises a tooth shaped to engage the barb.
 5. Theanchor assembly of claim 4, wherein the second engagement mechanismbeing formed as at least two cantilevers extending in substantially thelongitudinal direction each cantilever of the at least two cantileverssupporting at least one engagement location.
 6. The anchor assembly ofclaim 5, where a cantilever of the at least two cantilevers has alength, width, and thickness are balanced and selected to provide aspring constant.
 7. The anchor assembly of claim 6, wherein the springconstant is selected to provide a minimum engagement strength betweenthe first and second engagement mechanisms.
 8. The anchor assembly ofclaim 7, wherein a cantilever of the at least two cantilevers supportsat least two engagement locations.
 9. The anchor assembly of claim 8,wherein the at least two cantilevers comprise two cantilevers positionedin parallel to be mirror images of each other.
 10. The anchor assemblyof claim 8, wherein the at least two cantilevers comprise twocantilevers positioned so each extends in substantially the longitudinaldirection along a common line.
 11. The anchor assembly of claim 10,wherein a first cantilever of the two cantilevers supports threeengagement locations while a second cantilever of the two cantileverssupports at least four engagement locations.
 12. The anchor assembly ofclaim 11, the anchor further comprising an insertion stop to resistinsertion of the anchor into the receiver past a selected depth.
 13. Theanchor assembly of claim 12, the anchor further comprising a deflectionstop positioned to limit the deflection of a cantilever of the at leasttwo cantilevers.
 14. The anchor assembly of claim 13, the anchor furthercomprising a biasing member providing additional resistence to thedeflection the second engagement mechanism.
 15. The anchor assembly ofclaim 1, the anchor further comprising an insertion stop to resistinsertion of the anchor into the receiver past a selected depth.
 16. Theanchor assembly of claim 1, the anchor further comprising a deflectionstop positioned to limit the deflection of the cantilever.
 17. Theanchor assembly of claim 1, the anchor further comprising a biasingmember providing additional resistence to the deflection of thecantilever.
 18. The anchor assembly of claim 1, wherein the secondengagement mechanism comprises at least two cantilevers extending insubstantially the longitudinal direction each cantilever of the at leasttwo cantilevers supporting at least one engagement location.